Code@Pig Home

喜欢背着一袋Code傻笑的Pig .. 忧美.欢笑.记忆.忘却 .之. 角落

日志

关于我

kasicass

gamecoder@work

文章分类

[OpenBSD] Partitioning --- 小肥鱼分区之讨论

2006-10-17 13:14:18| 分类： os_OpenBSD | 标签： |举报 |字号大中小订阅

下载LOFTER 我的照片书 |

我喜欢 unix 是因为它的很多内容都是很统一的，包括对硬盘的分区。这里讨论对 OpenBSD 的分区，其实对所有的 unix 都可以使用类似的硬盘分区。

对于 OpenBSD，我们一般分出一下几个区：

/
The root partition holds the main system configuration files and the most essential UNIX utilities needed to get a computer into single-user mode.
基于上面的原因，我们一般将第一个分区设为 root分区。大小一般为 500M 为适，最小不应该低于 50M。为什么是 500M 呢，因为老机器有很多限制，《Absolute OpenBSD》中如下解释：

Root Limitations
Over the years, i386 systems have been expanded time and time again to surpass their own limits. They're based upon an architecture that could originally handle a maximum of 640KB of RAM, after all! The OpenBSD kernel — indeed, all modern operating system kernels — work around these limits in a manner mostly transparent to the user, but when the system is first booting you're trapped with the BIOS limitations.

Many old i386 systems have a 504MB limit on hard drives, on which the BIOS cannot get at anything beyond the first 504MB of data on a disk. If your BIOS cannot find your operating system kernel in that first 504MB, it cannot boot the system. Check your hardware manual; if it makes any references to a 504MB limit, this affects you. You absolutely must place your entire root partition within the first 504MB of disk.

Additionally, for some time i386 systems had a similar (not identical) 8GB limit. OpenBSD still obeys that 8GB limit. Even if your system is not susceptible to the 504MB limit, your entire root partition must be completely contained within the first 8GB of disk.

因此，我们遵循 500M 这个标准就好。

/swap
the disk space used by virtual memory.
我们的交换分区啦，Windows 是用一个文件作为 swap 的，而 unix 们多是使用独立的 swap分区。一般 swap分区大小是两倍的 RAM 比较合适。对于多个硬盘，可以将 swap分区分别放到不同的硬盘上，这样更有效率，因为“硬盘间数据读写”比“一个硬盘内读写”要慢许多。而且 swap分区应该尽量靠前，因为分区越靠前，访问速度越快。

/tmp
The /tmp directory is system-wide temporary space.
一般 500M 即可。

/var
The /var partition contains frequently changing logs, mail spools, temporary run files, the default website, and so on.
如果机器是 web server，则 /var 应该至少要 1G。var分区最少为 30M。

/usr
The /usr partition holds the operating system programs, system source code, compilers and libraries, and other little details like that.
这里就类似 Windows 的 Program Files，随着应用程序不断增加，占用的空间将不断增大。因此，尽量分配大一些的空间。最少也要分配 200M（不使用 X Window 的情况）or 350M（使用 X Window）

/home
The /home partition is where users keep their files.
如果个人文件很多，也会占用很多空间，这个分区给大一点。

PS. 对于有多硬盘的情况，如果是 Web server，第二个硬盘可用于 /www 或 /home；如果是 mail server，第二个硬盘可用于 /var 或 /var/mail；如果是 network logging host，则可用于 /var/log。

评论这张

转发至微博

阅读(1514)| 评论(0)

历史上的今天

this.p={  m:2,
              b:2,
              loftPermalink:'',
              id:'fks_083066084086080069084074085074081080080074',
              blogTitle:'[OpenBSD] Partitioning --- 小肥鱼分区之讨论',
              blogAbstract:'我喜欢 unix 是因为它的很多内容都是很统一的，包括对硬盘的分区。这里讨论对 OpenBSD 的分区，其实对所有的 unix 都可以使用类似的硬盘分区。<br\><br\>对于 OpenBSD，我们一般分出一下几个区：<br\><br\><br\><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"\>/</span\><br\>The root partition holds the main system configuration files and the most essential UNIX utilities needed to get a computer into single-user mode.<br\>基于上面的原因，我们一般将第一个分区设为 root分区。大小一般为 500M 为适，最小不应该低于 50M。为什么是 500M 呢，因为老机器有很多限制，《Absolute OpenBSD》中如下解释：',
              blogTag:'openbsd',
              blogUrl:'blog/static/395619200691711418208',
              isPublished:1,
              istop:false,
              type:0,
              modifyTime:0,
              publishTime:1161062058208,
              permalink:'blog/static/395619200691711418208',
              commentCount:0,
              mainCommentCount:0,
              recommendCount:0,
              bsrk:-100,
              publisherId:0,
              recomBlogHome:false,
              currentRecomBlog:false,
              attachmentsFileIds:[],
              vote:{},
              groupInfo:{},
              friendstatus:'none',
              followstatus:'unFollow',
              pubSucc:'',
              visitorProvince:'',
              visitorCity:'',
              visitorNewUser:false,
              postAddInfo:{},
              mset:'000',
              mcon:'',
              srk:-100,
              remindgoodnightblog:false,
              isBlackVisitor:false,
              isShowYodaoAd:false,
              hostIntro:'gamecoder@work',
              hmcon:'1',
              selfRecomBlogCount:'0',
              lofter_single:'<iframe width="140" height="560" style="overflow:hidden;" src="http://www.lofter.com/mailEntry.do?blogad=1&blog" frameBorder="0"></iframe>'
            }

{list a as x}
    {if !!x}
    <div class="iblock nbw-fce nbw-f40">
      <a class="fc03 noul" target="_blank" hidefocus="true" href="http://blog.163.com/${x.visitorName}/">
      {if x.visitorName==visitor.userName}
      <img alt="${x.visitorNickname|escape}" onerror="this.src=location.f40" class="cwd bdwa bdc0" src="${fn1(x.visitorName)}&r=${visitor.imageUpdateTime}"/>
      {else}
      <img alt="${x.visitorNickname|escape}" onerror="this.src=location.f40" class="cwd bdwa bdc0" src="${fn1(x.visitorName)}"/>
      {/if}
      </a>
      <div class="cwd vname thide">
        {if x.moveFrom=='wap'}
          <a class="noul pnt" target="_blank" href="http://blog.163.com/services/wapblog.html?frompersonalbloghome"><span title="来自网易手机博客" class="iblock wapIcon"> </span></a>
        {elseif x.moveFrom=='iphone'}
          <a class="noul pnt" target="_blank"><span title="来自iPhone客户端" class="iblock iphoneIcon"> </span></a>
        {elseif x.moveFrom=='android'}
          <a class="noul pnt" target="_blank"><span title="来自Android客户端" class="iblock androidIcon"> </span></a>
        {elseif x.moveFrom=='mobile'}
          <a class="noul pnt" target="_blank" href="http://blog.163.com/services/emsblog.html?frompersonalbloghome"><span title="来自网易短信写博" class="iblock wapIcon"> </span></a>
        {/if}
        <a class="fc03 m2a"  target="_blank" hidefocus="true" href="http://blog.163.com/${x.visitorName}/">
          ${fn(x.visitorNickname,8)|escape}
        </a>
      </div>
    </div>
    {/if}
    {/list}

<#--最新日志，群博日志--> <#--推荐日志-->

<p class="fc06">推荐过这篇日志的人：</p>
    <div>
      {list a as x}
      {if !!x}
      <div class="iblock nbw-fce nbw-f40">
        <a class="fc03 noul" target="_blank" hidefocus="true" href="http://blog.163.com/${x.recommenderName}/">
        <img alt="${x.recommenderNickname|escape}" onerror="this.src=location.f40" class="cwd bdwa bdc0" src="${fn1(x.recommenderName)}"/>
        </a>
        <div class="cwd thide">
          <a class="fc03 m2a" target="_blank" hidefocus="true" href="http://blog.163.com/${x.recommenderName}/">
            ${fn(x.recommenderNickname,6)|escape}
          </a>
        </div>
      </div>
      {/if}
      {/list}
    </div>
    {if !!b&&b.length>0}
    <p  class="fc06">他们还推荐了：</p>
    <ul>
    {list b as y}
      {if !!y}
        <li class="rrb"><span class="iblock">·</span><a class="fc03 m2a" target="_blank" href="http://blog.163.com/${y.recommendBlogPermalink}/?from=blog/static/395619200691711418208">${y.recommendBlogTitle|escape}</a></li>
      {/if}
    {/list}
    </ul>
    {/if}

<#--引用记录--> <#--博主推荐--> <#--随机阅读--> <#--首页推荐--> <#--历史上的今天--> <#--被推荐日志--> <#--上一篇，下一篇--> <#-- 热度 -->

{list a as x}
    {if !!x}
    <div class="hotItem iblock nbw-fce nbw-f40">
      <a class="fc03 noul" target="_blank" hidefocus="true" href="http://blog.163.com/${x.publisherUsername}/">
      {if x.publisherUsername==visitor.userName}
      <img alt="${x.publisherNickname|escape}" onerror="this.src=location.f40" class="cwd bdwa bdc0" src="${fn1(x.publisherUsername)}&r=${visitor.imageUpdateTime}"/>
      {else}
      <img alt="${x.publisherNickname|escape}" onerror="this.src=location.f40" class="cwd bdwa bdc0" src="${fn1(x.publisherUsername)}"/>
      {/if}
      </a>
      <div class="cwd vname thide">
        <a class="fc03 m2a"  target="_blank" hidefocus="true" href="http://blog.163.com/${x.publisherUsername}/">
          ${fn(x.publisherNickname,8)|escape}
        </a>
      </div>
      <a class="f-myLikeIcons hottype {if x.type==1} js-liketype{elseif x.type==2} js-reblogtype{elseif x.type==3} js-sharetype{else}{/if}" target="_blank" hidefocus="true" href="http://blog.163.com/${x.publisherUsername}/"> </a>
    </div>
    {/if}
    {/list}

<#-- 网易新闻广告 --> <#--右边模块结构--> <#--评论模块结构--> <#--引用模块结构--> <#--博主发起的投票-->

页脚

我的照片书 - 手机博客 - 下载LOFTER APP - 订阅此博客

Code@Pig Home

导航

日志

[OpenBSD] Partitioning --- 小肥鱼分区之讨论

历史上的今天

最近读者

热度

评论

页脚